AL

Biodiversity Intelligence Dashboard

Threatened

19

CR + EN + VU

Critically Endangered

19

CR

Endemic Threatened

0

Found only here

Declining

0%

0 species

Category Breakdown

Distribution of 19 threatened species

CR 19
CR: 19
EN: 0
VU: 0
Taxonomic Breakdown

Threatened % by group

insects5/5 (100%)
plants6/6 (100%)
molluscs18/18 (100%)
arachnids1/1 (100%)

CONSERVATION LEADERS

Key Conservation Organisations

Albanian Ornithological Society (AOS)

BirdLife International partner

Bird conservation and research

Conducting bird monitoring programs and establishing Important Bird Areas across Albania.

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Albanian Society for the Protection of Birds and Mammals (ASPBM)

Independent conservation organization

Wildlife protection and habitat conservation

Protecting endangered species like the Balkan lynx and brown bear through habitat restoration and anti-poaching efforts.

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EcoAlbania

Independent environmental NGO

River ecosystem and freshwater biodiversity conservation

Campaigning to protect the Vjosa River as Europe's last wild river and opposing hydropower development in protected areas.

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National Agency of Protected Areas (NAPA)

Government agency under Ministry of Tourism and Environment

Management of Albania's protected areas system

Managing 15 national parks and numerous nature reserves covering critical biodiversity hotspots in Albania.

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Protection and Preservation of Natural Environment in Albania (PPNEA)

Independent NGO

Biodiversity conservation and protected areas management

Leading conservation efforts in Albanian national parks and advocating for the protection of the Vjosa River ecosystem.

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Notable Conservationists

Aleksandër Trajçe

ASPBM and international carnivore research networks

Large carnivore conservation specialist

Leading efforts to protect and study the endangered Balkan lynx population in Albanian mountains.

Olsi Nika

University of Tirana

Marine biologist and coastal ecosystem researcher

Conducting research on Mediterranean marine biodiversity and coastal habitat conservation along the Albanian Riviera.

Taulant Bino

Albanian Ornithological Society

Ornithologist and wetland conservation specialist

Leading researcher on Albanian bird species and wetland ecosystems, particularly in coastal and mountain regions.

Source: Public records, institutional websites, published research

Biodiversity Brief — AL

Outlook: Deteriorating

Albania's biodiversity significance stems from its position at the crossroads of Mediterranean and Balkan biogeographical regions, creating unique endemic hotspots particularly in its karst cave systems and isolated mountain ranges. The country's limestone geology has fostered exceptional invertebrate endemism, with specialized cave-dwelling molluscs and arthropods found nowhere else on Earth. According to IUCN Red List 2025 data, all 19 assessed endemic species are critically endangered, representing a biodiversity crisis of extraordinary proportions. The most urgent threats to Albania's endemic fauna include limestone quarrying operations that directly destroy cave habitats, unregulated groundwater extraction altering subterranean ecosystems, and agricultural intensification in karst valleys affecting surface-groundwater connectivity. Tourism development in coastal and mountain regions poses additional pressure on fragile endemic populations. Climate change exacerbates these impacts by altering precipitation patterns crucial for maintaining cave humidity levels. Albania has established the Prespa National Park and expanded protected area coverage to 15% of national territory, with particular focus on karst landscapes. The country participates in regional Balkan biodiversity initiatives and has strengthened environmental impact assessment requirements for quarrying operations. However, enforcement capacity remains limited, and economic pressures continue to drive habitat conversion. The trajectory appears deteriorating given the complete critically endangered status of assessed endemic species.

Key Biomes & Ecosystems

Mediterranean Scrubland
Karst Cave Systems
Montane Forests
Alpine Meadows
Coastal Wetlands

Conservation Achievements

Albania has made notable progress in expanding its protected area network, particularly through the designation of Prespa National Park as part of a transboundary conservation initiative with Greece and North Macedonia. The country has strengthened its environmental legislation framework, implementing stricter environmental impact assessments for extractive industries that threaten karst ecosystems. Recent efforts include the development of cave conservation protocols and collaboration with international speleological organizations to map and monitor critical underground habitats. Albania has also joined regional Balkan biodiversity conservation networks, facilitating knowledge exchange and coordinated protection strategies for endemic species across political boundaries.

Source: IUCN Red List 2025-2, GBIF, national survey data